Management and its Functions Essay

Management is the process of coordinating people and other resources to achieve the goals of the organization. One key characteristic is the ability to empower rather than order employees to do their jobs. Effective empowerment depends on the leader and the employees building mutual respect, trust, and commitment. Leadership also possesses the ability to communicate by fostering an ongoing dialogue rather than issuing mandates. Now the leadership and management are defined, we can move on to describe management in terms of its four functions. These functions are identified as planning, organizing, leading, and controlling. How well managers perform these key functions determines whether a business is successful. Planning, in its simplest form, is establishing organizational goals and objectives and deciding how to accomplish them. It is the primary function, often referred as the â€Å"first† management function because all the management functions depend on planning. Managers engage in planning by determining where the firm should be going and how best to get there. Once goals and objectives have been set for the organization, managers must develop plans (or actions) for achieving them. A plan could be defined as an outline of the actions by which the organization intends to accomplish its goals and objectives. The company that I work for, 7-Eleven, I, as a manager, set a goal to sell as many products as possible to increase the sales. I have to ensure that the customer knows about the products we are selling. My number one target is the customer and the way to achieve is through my employees, who can provide the outstanding customer service and thus, the customer will come back. After goal setting and planning, the second major function of the management is organizing. Organizing is the grouping of resources and activities to accomplish effective and efficient results. From the reading, â€Å"Organizing activities include attracting people to the organization, specifying job responsibilities, grouping jobs into work unit, marshaling and allocating resources, and creating conditions so that people and things work together to achieve maximum success† (Bateman, 2004). Let’s first consider the example of an inventor who creates a new product and goes into the market to sell it. Eventually, as business grows, he/she will find that he/she needs  help. To begin with, he/she might hire a professional sales representative. Later, he/she might need to hire full-time sales staff, other people to assist with production, and an accountant. As he/she hires new personnel, he/she must decide what each person will do, and generally how that person can best take part in the organization’s activities. The way I work toward the organizing for the benefits of my organization is by providing at least week training to my staff about the products we are selling and its prices, promoting products to the customers, and ways to deliver excellent customer service. After a week of training, I oversee the employee I have trained, what I call as â€Å"shadow shift,† in which the trainee is evaluated for his/her performance. In addition, I hold weekly meeting with my employees for any questions, concerns, issues, and/or responsibilities. I delegate tasks to my personnel on daily basis and ensure that their obligations are understood clearly. The leading function is concerned with human resources within the organization. It is the process of influencing people to work toward a common goal as well as proving reasons for people to work in best interests of the organization. In other words, â€Å"It is directing, motivating, and communicating with employees, individually and in groups† (Bateman, 2004). Leading and motivating are critical activities for a growing company. Obviously, different people do things for different reasons – that is, they have different motivations. Some people are primarily interested in earning as much money as they can. Others may be spurred on by opportunities to get ahead in an organization. It is part of the manager’s jobs to determine what factors motivate workers and to try to provide those incentives in ways that encourage effective performance. For me, directing and motivating the employees is the most important function for the success of the company. I always tell my employees, â€Å"Be happy, and keep customers happy.† I believe that the communication is very important to keep the firm running smoothly; a good manager would always take care of his/her employees and make sure that they are appreciated for the hard work they put in. Therefore, I always encourage my personnel to talk over any issues or problems, if they have any, with me. Not only this, I always value them and make them realize that they are the most important component of the company and without them the  company can not move ahead. This way, a good relationship and trust is built between me and the employees and hence, the employees stay happy. With this, it gives them motivation to work for the best interests of the company. Regardless of how hard managers try, sometimes business activities don’t go as planned. Then, the fourth function, controlling, comes into play that evaluates and regulates ongoing activities to ensure that organizational goals are achieved. Reckon a rocket, for instance, launched to place a satellite. Do personnel simply fire the rocket and then check back in few days to find out whether the satellite is in place? Of course not. The rocket is constantly supervised, and its course is regulated and adjusted as needed to get the satellite to its destination. Thus, during this function, changes might be made to the plans in order to attain better success in the future. Therefore, the performance is compared and actions are taken according if necessary. Another example would be suppose that a specific firm establishes a goal of increasing its profit by, let’s say, 15 percent in a year. To ensure that its goal is reached, management might monitor its profit on monthly basis. After three to four months, if its profits have increased by 4-5 percent, then management might assume that the plans are going according to the schedule. Then, probably no action will be taken. However, if the profit has only increased by 1-2 percent, then the firm might take some actions or make some amendments to the planning to get things back on track. I can relate controlling to my organization because when the target is not reached to sell as many products as possible, I lower the price on the materials to meet the demands of the customers. For instance, if there’s a specific drink that is not selling as planned, I would try to sell it by promoting it for buying one sandwich and getting the drink free. A successful organization understands not only basic management functions, but also how to integrate these functions – planning, organizing, leading, and controlling – to improve revenues and profit and to win customer satisfaction needs. Each function tends to lead naturally to others; and if any one of the four functions is not conducted in effective manner, the company’s performance might fail. References Bateman, Thomas S. (2004). Management: The New Competitive Landscape, 6e. The McGaw-Hill Companies. Retrieved on August 10, 2004 from https://ecampus.phoenix.edu/content/eBookLibrary/content/eReader.h

Compare and Contract the Giver

Compare and Contrast If I had to pick a world over my society and Jonas’ Society I would pick Jonas’s world. The reason I would pick Jonas’s world because one, in our world we get to pick or spouses but yet 50% of the time spouses get divorced. In Jonas’s world we are chosen a spouse by the committee and they will match us with the perfect couple. On page 48, the Committee of Elders could take up to years before they find a perfect spouse for you, which means that there will be no fights between husband and wife.I also think How they create Families in our world are created differently in his World. In our world we get to keep our baby and yet sometimes we can get unwanted babies otherwise in Jonas’ world we get to have one girl and boy but yet apply for it. There’s only one reason that is I don’t get in Jonas world. On page 44, the page states that when you loss someone you will chant there name throughout the day softer and softer as the days goes by but yet they will replace him with another child with the same name I think that’s somewhat a good idea yet not a good idea.It is a good idea because one, they have a big celebration for the loss but sadly Replaces them. On the other hand, in our world We celebrate our deaths with funerals and memorials and we never see them again. I don’t think replacing someone else in Jonas’ world will literally replace the person who passed away. So, to wrap it off I would rather live in Jonas’s world for a nice healthy drama free life.

Memorandum: Net Present Value and Apex Investment Partners

MEMORANDUM To Apex Investment Partners: According to my analysis of the Accessline’s proposed term sheet, I do not believe that Apex would serve its own interests, or those of its investing partners, by investing in Accessline according to the terms proposed. By investing at the proposed valuation, according to the proposed control and incentive structure, Apex would be shouldering a disproportionate share of the risk should Accessline fail to meet its performance targets, or require fresh inflows of capital from future investment rounds.Nor can Accessline take the sort of steps necessary to protect its investment in the case of management failure. Should Apex make a counter-offer, I would suggest the following terms: Valuation: Accessline’s projected revenues in 1999 are $208m. Using the average price/revenue ratio of 3com and Boston Technologies, it seems reasonable to expect an IPO valuation at 3. 67 times revenues, producing gross proceeds of $764m with a present va lue of $116m (using our 60% discount rate).Assuming that Accessline meets this revenue target, and that no future funding is required, Apex will take a slight loss on its required rate of return, barring the voluntary distribution of the dividend from the board of directors, on which we are not offered a seat. The present price per share at such an exit would be approximately $7. 84. However, given Accessline’s historical burn rate, it seems unreasonable to expect the $16m investment produced in Series B to last Accessline until 1999.Assuming Accessline will need another $32m to reach its revenue targets by 1999, Apex takes a much more severe loss relative to its required rate of return. The present price per share at such an exit, assuming the new shares are also offered at $8 per share, would be $6. 18 per share. I therefore suggest using $6 per share as a point for a new valuation of the company, assuming the inclusion/revision of terms as described below. Rights and Prefe rences Apart from the valuation, other elements of the term sheet must be adjusted to allow Accessline to protect its interests and motivate or replace management in the case of performance failure.First and foremost, Apex must insist on the right to elect one director to the board. Series A investors already have one seat, and the current voting clauses allow Series A to effectively retain control of decision making by requiring 2/3rds majority for many key decisions. Should future funding rounds be required, those investors may insist on seats on the board. Apex must remove antidilution protection from employee shares, as this removes a significant incentive for employees and management to reduce Accessline’s burn rate.However, as Series A investors retain a veto over the deal, their shares must be allowed to retain anti-dilution protection. Additionally, we may propose a point at which additional investment rounds (above and beyond $32m of fresh capital) would cause diluti on of ESOP shares at an accelerated rate. Dividends should be made cumulative and issuable upon a liquidation event or an IPO. Such dividends may be converted, if the holder desires, to common shares. This will encourage management to seek a quicker exit. Liquidation preference must be strengthened in other ways.In my opinion, the current arrangement allows management and employees to receive unjustified returns in the case of a liquidation. I suggest a ratio of 1. 5 times the Series B purchase price, applicable to Series A shares, with the remainder to be distributed among Series A, Series B, and common shareholders/ESOP on an as-if-converted basis. In an IPO, Series B shares should auto-convert at a ratio of one-to-one at a target price of $12 until June 30th and $15 after June 30th 1996. After that, the targets must continue to ratchet upwards.The written consent of 3/4ths of Preferred shareholders could override this requirement while preserving Apex’s ability to veto aut o-conversion. This voting ratio should also be employed in the voting clause, since without it Apex lacks any ability to control future funding rounds. Series B must be allowed to redeem all of their shares upon the failure of Accessline to come within 5% of its revenue and income projections for 2 consecutive years. Alternatively, Apex could require that unvested management/ESOP shares be returned to Series A and Series B on a pari passu basis in the case of performance failure.Alternatively, Accessline could insist on a right to replace management in the case of this eventuality. Given the large number of competitors already present in the market, it is likely that if Accessline’s business fails, it will do so quickly and drastically. Negotiation considerations It is important to note that a counterproposal from Accessline that strengthens or enhances any of these provisions in Apex’ favor in exchange for a higher issue price of the Series B shares should be consider ed.However, there are limits to the premium we should pay for enhanced control, and firm limits for how far such control can be reduced. A board member and the voting rules are non-negotiable. The dividend and the autoconversion terms, however, are places in which we can demonstrate flexibility. At this price, with these changes to the term sheet, we are still exposed. Significant competitive, regulatory, or technological changes in the marketplace could quickly destroy Accessline’s profitability.This is, as it stands, a strong counterproposal that is bound to meet resistance from management and employees, but provided we preserve Series A’s valuation, I believe Series A investors will be inclined to allow us more control and latitude provided the performance requirements for management are strengthened. Since I believe our competitors will also propose lower valuations based on a view of these same numbers, we must act tactfully. Perhaps some sort of parachute can be arranged for senior management in the event of a takeover.

External assesment of Snyder's lance inc Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

External assesment of Snyder's lance inc - Essay Example y has managed to grow that thrive despite the fact that the snack industry is highly competitive is greatly affected by changes in the external climate such as economic and political change. The company was able to survive the recent economic crises which crippled many organizations (Standard & Poors, 45). This paper analyzes the Snyder Lance Inc in terms of its competitors and carries out a SWOT analysis to determine the companies threat, opportunities, strengths and weaknesses. The company currently faces market risks that are linked to energy cost, packaging and ingredients. Since the company has to adhere to certain protocol set for the food industry in terms of packaging and ingredients, this is a potential for increase in costs. The company incurs interest on existing debts depending on the US dollar and the Euro rates of exchange (Poole & Daryl, 37). To manage the risk of exposure to changing exchange rates, the company has entered into interest swaps that ensure that there is balance between the variable rate and fixed rate debt. The company is as exposed to risk of losses arising from exchange rate variation through its operations in Canada where it has a subsidiary. Raw materials used in this subsidiary are obtained by the Canadian dollar while the revenue is dominated by the US dollar. The company is also exposed to credit risk associated with its debtors. The company has over the years engaged in offering credit services to her customers. There i s a need to continually evaluate the customer credit standing to prevent the company from getting into bad debts (Slonecker, 138). Increase in amount in the account receivable has the potential of making it impossible to pay dividends on time and repurchase common stock. We are living in an age where the consumers are aware of the company’s responsibility towards the environment and energy consumption. The company is thus required to adopt greener technologies but at the same time ensure that it maintains

Listening Log Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Listening Log - Essay Example There is a sadness that is much more explicit than the original that gives a whole new dimension to the beautifully rendered lyrics. Title: Sweet Dreams Album: Sucker Punch Artist: Emily Browning Year of Release: 2011 Rock Style: Pop Musical Characteristics: Once again, the remake is more haunting, the music creating a more powerful message in that their seems to be more of a threat than the original sung by Annie Lennox. The music is defined by a more ethereal and dream like synthesized backdrop. The sound of Browning’s voice is sweeter than both Annie Lennox or the cover done in 1995 by Marilyn Manson whose tone was far more threatening. Browning creates a wistful, less feminist sound than was created by Lennox, and within the framework of the musical translation, the music sounds more victim oriented than empowering. Comparison The original versions of each of these songs can most easily be identified as pop music, with the Lennox version through the Eurithmics being a bit more alternative in the popular genre as it was being expressed in the 1980s. Both remakes create their variation through a socially relevant musicality that comments on the current social situation over that of the original.

Sexual Deviance Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3750 words

Sexual Deviance - Essay Example Kraft-Ebbing in Psychopathia Sexualis regarded deviance as arising out of disease processes. Freud who used the term perversion discussed sexual aberrations in Three Essays on Sexuality and he used the term perversion. Sexual perversions are conditions in which sexual excitement or orgasm is associated with acts or imagery that are considered unusual within the culture. Paraphilias differ from what some people might consider "normal" sexual activity in that these behaviors cause significant distress or impairment in areas of life functioning. They do not refer to the normal use of sexual fantasy, activity or objects to heighten sexual excitement where there is no distress or impairment. We can enumerate these forms of sexual deviance here. They are: homosexuality, lesbianism, bisexuality, sadomasochism (s-m), masturbation, fetishism, paedophilia (pedophilia), voyeurism, exhibitionism, transvestism, zoophilia and other paraphilias. There are a lot of these listed in books and encyclopedias, but we have listed some of the common ones. Paraphilias include fantasies, behaviors, and/or urges which involve human and nonhuman sexual objects, such as shoes or undergarments, some requiring suffering or humiliation of oneself or partner, and may involve children or other non-consenting partners. There are well over 40 types of paraphilias which have been identified and defined (Money, 1986). Only eight of them are listed in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (American Psychiatric Association, 1987), where the remainder are subsumed under, "not otherwise specified." Given the socio-cultural-religious-political climate, some paraphilias are legally considered to be sex crimes which are punishable by law. In legal codes, crimes against nature and affronts to socially acceptable sexual behavior are criminalized and are regarded as sex offenses. These crimes have included statutory rape, violent rape, child molesting, exhibitionism, voyeurism and incest. Common forms of Sexual Deviance A. Masturbation Technically, masturbation is not a deviation because it is a majority activity and its portrayal as a perversion pathologizes most of the human population from their teens onwards. It is very likely that the people who performed this characterization were pathologizing themselves. Some works, such as that by Kinsey, indicate that virtually all males masturbate during adolescence, being in the region of 95% to 98%. This is to say that among males masturbation is statistically more normal than heterosexuality. There are some revelations about so-called shared masturbatory experiences, involving two or more young males. Masturbation is less common among women, with an incidence of about 60%. Many mammals engage in self-stimulation of the

Food Allergy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Food Allergy - Essay Example It is estimated that one child in every 14 children has at least one form of food allergy. The most common forms of food that most children are allergic to include: milk, eggs, soya, and wheat. Many children, however, outgrow this forms of allergy and by the time they go to school they go to school they are not allergic to foods that they were allergic to before. Skin-prick tests: this form of food allergy test provides results in about 20 minutes. This form of food allergy test involves placing of a liquid containing a small amount of the food allergen on the skin of one’s arm or back. The skin is then pricked, allowing the allergen to seep under the skin. The test is considered positive if a wheel (resembling a bump from a mosquito bite) develops where the allergen was placed. Blood tests: this form of testing of food allergy aims to measure the presence of IgE (immunoglobulin E) antibodies to specific foods. IgE is the antibody that triggers food allergy symptoms. Blood tests aims at detecting the food-specific IgE. The blood tests take several days to yield results. Oral Food Challenge. This form of food allergy test is considered highly accurate. The oral food challenge test consist of the allergist feeding the patient with the suspect food in measured doses so as to find out whether or not the patient will develop symptoms for food allergy. If the patient shows symptoms after the test, the test will be positive, and if the patient shows no symptoms the test will be considered negative. Food Elimination Diet: in this form of food testing, the doctor asks the patient to temporarily abstain from suspect foods for a period of two to four weeks. If the suspect foods were the ones causing the allergy, the patient will exhibit no symptoms, but if the eliminated, suspect foods, were not the ones responsible for the allergy the patient will still exhibit symptoms of food allergy. Treatments of Food

Code Blue--Emergent Care Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Code Blue--Emergent Care - Assignment Example Emergency rooms offer significant medical benefits to relevant patients from the expertise of medical specialists in all Emergency rooms (Gindi et al, 2011). As a result, the nation’s emergency rooms treat millions of patients who visit the attention of the medical facility (Gindi et al, 2011). However, there have been various complaints against the services, organization, and management of the emergency rooms. As seen in this context, such complaints may relate to inadequate patient care, poor Emergency Room management, long wait times, and patients being sent away because of lack of space, staff, or physicians to provide appropriate care (Gindi et al, 2011). These complaints demean the effectiveness of the emergency rooms. Nevertheless, various hospitals and other primary care centers are putting significant efforts to address the problems which normally relate to the operations in emergency rooms. As a chief operating officer, this paper highlights my discussion on the comp laints, measures to overcome the complaints, the effects of the â€Å"Good Samaritan Law† in treating ER patients, and other dynamics that relate to Emergency Rooms. Diagnosis of the Root Causes of the Complaints about the Clinic The numerous complaints about the clinic which hosts the Emergency Room emanate from different patients who register their dissatisfaction in the operations of the emergency room. Indeed, the complaints had different patterns, overall incidences, causes, validity, and possible solutions. The complaints included inadequate patient care, poor Emergency Room management, long wait times, and patients being sent away because of lack of space, staff, or physicians to provide appropriate care. The complaints emanated from insufficient communication by the doctor, nurse, registration clerk, and health care assistants (Tam & Lau, n.y). This leads to the patients assumption of poor staff attitude which results to assumed inadequate patient care. In fact, poor communication provokes incorrect interpretation of Emergency Room staff attitude and explanation and hence the complaints. Indeed, where the hospital staff cannot master effective communication skills, the patients always complain against the health system. At the same time, misdiagnosis and disagreement on diagnosis by the doctors leads to ineffective treatment which reflects on the patient’s complaints of inadequate patient care or lack of appropriate care at the clinic (Tam & Lau, n.y). In addition, lack of proper management skills among the health care providers lead to inadequate management which generate complaints of poor Emergency Room management in the clinic. Actually, the hiring of inadequate managers derives these complaints in the long run. Moreover, the environment which incorporates poor design of the clinic will lead to complaints of insufficient space and insufficient number of lift in the facility as the management will have to send the patients away subject to the resultant constraints. Seasonal outbreaks, higher patient volumes, and inappropriate use of emergency departments by patients with comparatively minor illnesses also lead to such complaints. Moreover, the government’s inability or ignorance to finance the health sector leads to the hiring and retention of insufficient staff or physicians which consequently generates the patient’

OVERSEAS MARKET ENTRY ACTIONS Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

OVERSEAS MARKET ENTRY ACTIONS - Assignment Example Elfin Sports Cars Pty Ltd was founded in the year 1957 and is regarded as one of the foremost market players operating in the automotive industry throughout the globe. The company has been involved in making certain extremely competitive open-wheeler and sports cars that range from Formula Vees to the MR9 Formula 5000 and the 1959 Streamliner (Elfin Sports Cars, 2008). It is quite essential for Elfin to adopt and execute appropriate international business strategies in order to make a dominant entry into the business market of Brazil. It has been earlier discussed that Brazil can be a potential business market for the company i.e. Elfin due to its exceptional possession of natural resources, stabilised political system, greater level of Gross National Product (GNP) and raising income level of the people residing within various regions of the nation (Campante, 2009). With this concern, the report intends to discuss the appropriate international business strategies that Elfin might adopt and apply to the target overseas market i.e. Brazil. Moreover, a detailed discussion regarding the marketing actions in terms of marketing mix strategy focusing on certain specific elements of marketing mix would also be discussed in this report. Most importantly, suitable organisational structure and control system emphasising the association prevailing between home and host organisation, relationship between headquarter (HQ) and subsidiary and centralisation versus decentralisation would be proposed in the report. Elfin may adopt appropriate and effective international business strategies as an action towards making a flourishing entry in the intended overseas market i.e. Brazil. It is worth mentioning that the favourable conditions prevailing within Brazil in terms of political and financial aspect among others would ultimately support the sports manufacturing company to make successful entry in diverse regions of the nation. However, still the company requires following

Great Style and Clarity Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Great Style and Clarity - Essay Example g philosopher, thereby enabling the reader to accept his point of view, which otherwise may have been difficult, since it amounts to an accusation of the reader of barbaric impulses. Such a method of explication is suited to any exploration of the mind and any psychoanalytic reading of a phenomenon, since it has the potential to disturb the mind of the reader. While this in itself is not harmful, it may dull the analytic abilities of the reader. This may cause the writer to fail in conveying the message that he had taken upon himself to discuss in his paper. King’s ability to sustain a conversational style throughout his paper enables him to hold the interest of the reader till the very end of the essay. The end of the essay, however, reminds the reader that what the paper requires thought, rather than casual reading. The flourish at the end, which reminds the reader of the need to â€Å"keep the gators fed†, reminds the reader of the parts of the mind that he is not conscious of (King). King, thus, is able to weave into his narrative the very structure of the horror movie that he writes about and this enables the paper itself to have an eerie quality to

Nursing theory and its application in nursing practice Research Paper

Nursing theory and its application in nursing practice - Research Paper Example eory is essentially a description of how culture care is an essential part of a nurse’s understanding of patients, and how a myriad of cultural factors can improve the care that a patient receives (Leininger, 1988). The main definitions acquired from the theory are care, cultural practices, wellness, and illness; all the factors that influence the health of an individual. The relationships put forward by Leininger indicate that a nurse’s understanding of the cultural care received by a patient goes a long way in determining the rate at which a patient acquires wellness from illness. An appraisal of the theory indicates that it is simple enough to understand, since the factors presented in the theory are interrelated and linked. The arguments presented in the theory are clear for nurses and what they need to do to improve the health of their patients. The theory can be generalized to include all classes of patients, including all illnesses, since the cultural practices applied are universal. This theory can be considered contagious for many classes of students, researchers, administrators and all the players in the health industry. The above assumption lies in the fact that the theory is generally applicable in most fields of health care, and can be used interchangeably with other nursing theories to find the best solution for illnesses. The administrators in the nursing field, especially administrative nurses, can use the points mentioned in the theory to improve both in-patient and outpatient care, since the cultural care practices mentioned in the theory are universal. The usefulness of the theory is found in the applicability to different nursing models, since it presents a rational outlook for both practice and research. This assumption is arrived at after considering the importance of a deeper understanding of patients’ needs and backgrounds, which indicate the importance of extra care. For a patient’s illness to be cured, a nurse has to apply the

Goods That Must Be Provided by the Government Essay Example for Free

Goods That Must Be Provided by the Government Essay Public goods are good that have two special characteristics-non excludable and non-rivalable. Non-rivalable means that consume the goods of one person do not influence the consumption of others, of example traffic light, when a person use the traffic light, the quanlity of the light do not decrease, other can also use the goods under the same quanlity. Non-excludable means that every one can use the goods, nobody is exclude from using the goods, for example, national defences, no one is unprotectable when they are in the country. Merit goods are goods that are under provided because of lack of information. Individual do not appreciate the benefit that will occur, these goods should be provided in a greater quantity. For example, museums, education there are lots of benefit to consume them. People can gets more knoeledge there and this is not only benefit for themselves but also people around and the society, the suicides may decrease and people with eider knowledge entered in works will make the process efficiency. So it is clearly that public good are goods that is under provided but this does not means that it only provided by government. They can provided by the market mechanism but to make more available the government provides them, subsidizes them or leigislates to make consumption compulsory, and for public goods they suffer from the free rider problem, if asked whether they would pay for them, households would lie and say because once provided, they could benefit anyway. No one is willing to pay for the goods, they will not be provided in the free market. So government must provided them. Public goods must be provided by the government but merit goods not must be provided by the government. It can provided by free market mechanism.

Classical Music From 1760 To 1810

Classical Music From 1760 To 1810 Why is the music of 1760-1810 described as classical. Explain the meaning of the term and how it relates to the music of that time. Refer to specific composers and works. In musical context, the term classical refers to the classical period which falls between the Baroque and Romantic period. I am going to be looking at the most well known composers of this era (J. Haydn, W.A. Mozart L.V Beethoven) and analyse how their music differentiates from that of the Baroque period and how it led into the Romantic era. Starting from c.1760, the first composer I will be looking at is Haydn. At the time when the influence of church on music development was diminishing, Haydn was lucky enough to be employed by one rich family of the Austrian Empire. This proved rewarding, as it gave him the freedom to explore many different aspects of music, which led to his crucial role in the establishment of the key classical forms (such as the Symphony, the String Quartet, the Sonata and the Concerto). Although versions of all these existed, Haydn standardized these into well established musical forms and promoted them. Due to the many operas in which he wrote before this period, Haydn was well acquainted with the sinfonia form. However he was not content with adhering to this Italian model and the striving for originality (which led to the success of his career) became apparent in his works from 1761. He added two oboes, two horns to his first symphony. The wind parts show nothing unexpected, while the oboes often double the strings. The horns play fan-far like figures. The melody is divided between the violins (treated as if the work were a trio sonata) although often they play in unison. The lower strings are bound together almost entirely as their function is to provide harmony while maintaining a forward driving rhythm. There are many baroque features, as to be expected. When Haydn ran the Esterhazy orchestra during the 1760s he had the opportunity to experiment with symphonic writing, and it was during this decade there where he produced his first great symphonies. Over these 10 years, he wrote approximately 40 symphonies, around half of which followed a four-movement form with an added minuet as the third movement. He also composed a long list of works in other genres, including operas, oratorios and choral works. Specifically referring to his first set of symphonies , (No.6 Le Matin, 7 Le Midi, and 8 Le Soir), Haydn used a variety of stylistic influences. The most evident quality of these works is their added richness (compared to the first symphony he wrote), which is not from the use of novel or unexpected instruments, but from the utilization of the concerto principle within the symphonic framework. In some movements the strings are scored as ripieno with a concertino of two violins and a cello. In almost all movements the wind players depart from the role of sustaining harmonies to become soloists. In all three symphonies, the trio of the minuet movement contains a prominent part for the double bass recalling baroque practices in the concerto grosso; yet Haydn, using the standard combination of flutes, oboes, bassoons, horns, and strings, creates a modern orchestra which are retained and used by him in his later symphonies. Haydns main intention at this time seemed to be the virtuosity of his musicians, as each of these three symphonies abounds prominent solos from almost every section. Haydns efforts to standardize the type of symphony proved successful and for that must be credited with the far-reaching innovation of adding one of the Dance forms as a separate movement (most commonly a Minuet although only used from the third symphony and thereafter). This was the most consistent design for a scholastic and artistic style of the Symphony. By the early 1770s, Haydn was well known throughout Europe and in 1781 his symphonies were published in England for the first time. One problem that Haydn gave his immediate attention to was that of unifying thematic material, it is out of such attempts his great innovation of the 1780s were evolved. Sometimes Haydn would base a whole movement upon a single melodic fragment; more often, when decided harmonic contrasts exist between theme groups, the second theme is derived from the first. Haydn seems to have not appreciated, in these early works, the importance that he would later be attached to just the element he tried to expunge, namely, the element of thematic contrast or conflict. Even in his later works the contrasts were seldom as clearly established as in the compositions of Mozart and early Beethoven. Thematic contrast is missing almost entirely in Symphonies No.3-42 (1759-1771), and lyric themes, such as occur in Mozart repeatedly, are equally rare. Haydn was well known throughout Europe when Mozart was a child. His six string quartets (often referred to as the Sun quartets) were written in 1772 and are said to be the inspiration for the six string quartets that Mozart wrote during his 1773 visit to Vienna. Haydn developed the polyphonic techniques he had gathered from the previous era to provide structural coherence capable of holding together his melodic ideas. During this time, Mozart developed an enthusiasm for violin concertos, producing a series of five which increase in their musical sophistication and technical difficulty. In 1776, he turned his efforts to piano concertos and in early 1777 his E-flat concerto was so popular, it is now considered to be his breakthrough work. It was around 1783-84 that Mozart met Haydn in Vienna when Mozarts reputation was on the rise. His opera the abduction from the seraglio had premiered with great success in Vienna and was in the process of being performed in many other cities. Mozarts Haydn quartets were written during the early years of their friendship and were published in 1785. These works are thought to be stylistically influenced by Haydns Opus 33 series which were released in 1781. This series was Haydns next important breakthrough, where melodic and harmonic roles segue among the instruments and often it is unclear what is melody and what is harmony. While Haydn spent much of his working life as a court composer, Mozart wanted public success in the concert life. This meant opera, in a virtuoso style. Moreover, Mozart also had a taste for chromatic harmony (and greater contrasts in harmonic language generally). In Mozart, Haydn found a greater range of instrumentation, dramatic effect and melodic writing. Their learning relationship worked both ways. Mozarts works, like Haydns stand as an archetype of the classical period. He was a versatile composer, and wrote in every major genre (symphony, opera, solo concerto, chamber music and the piano sonata). These forms had been well established by Haydn, but Mozart advanced the technical sophistication and emotional reach of them all. He almost solely developed and popularized the Classical piano concerto. The main features of the classical style are all present in Mozarts music. Clarity, balanced phrases, and transparency are the hallmarks of his works, but any simplistic notion of delicacy masks the exception power and force of his finest masterpieces, such as his Piano Concerto No.24 in C minor, his Symphony No.40 in G minor and the opera Don Giovanni. During Mozarts last decade as a composer, he exploited the use of chromatic harmony with remarkable confidence, which was rare at the time, but with great effect. At the peak of the classical period, composers were faced with a dilemma: enlarging the classical forms or simply abandoning them for a new musical paradigm. The political and social context around this time was calling for a major reshape of musical expression. When the age of revolutions began in 1789, the growing role of middle-class saw an increasing involvement by a new generation of artists and composers and this was reflected in the music that they wrote. Amongst this new generation of composers was Beethoven, who was the most crucial figure in this transitional period between the Classical and Romantic period, specifically his early years, which is known as his heroical period (up to 1812). From Beethovens first set of three piano trios, some of Mozarts techniques are evident such as avoiding the expected cadence. Haydn and Mozart were his strongest influences, but he explored new directions and gradually expended the ambition in his works. He did this through a number of techniques: a downward shift in melodies, increasing durations of movements, and the shift from vocal writing to pianistic writing. Also the increasing importance of varying accompanying figures to bring texture forward as an element in music became evident in his Symphonies. Slowly, direct influences of the Baroque period continued to fade: the figured bass grew less prominent as a means of holding performance together. The late classical period was demanding music that was internally more complex. The growth of concert societies and orchestras, marking the importance of music as a part of the middle class lifestyle, contributed to a booming market for pianos, piano music, and virtuosi. Furthermore, due to the growing number of performances where the composer was not present, it led to increased detail and specificity in scores. The transition became apparent with Beethovens 3rd Symphony (written in 1804), given the name Eroica which s Italian for Heroic. As with Stravinskys Rite of Spring, it may not have been the first in all f its innovations, but its aggressive use of every part of the classical style set it apart from its contemporary works: in length, ambition, and harmonic resources. Conclusion During the Vienna years, when Mozart was influenced by Swieten to take up the study of Baroque counterpoint, Haydn loaned him his personal copy of a textbook by Fux, a copy which was heaFux, a copy which was heavily covered with Haydns personal annotations.

Diabetes in African American Population in South Carolina

Diabetes in African American Population in South Carolina Abstract Diabetes is a serious disease, which often leads to complications, such as blindness, kidney failure, heart attacks, strokes, and amputations. High blood pressure and abnormal cholesterol levels are frequent. Diabetes has an immense impact on public health and medical care. In South Carolina medical costs rise with increased duration of the disease, and lifespan is shortened by 5-10 years in most patients. In 2011, diabetes affected 25.8 million people in the United States with 7 million undiagnosed cases (CDC, 2011). In terms of racial and ethnic disparity, the outlook becomes more dismal, as racial and ethnic minorities are disproportionately affected and are more likely to have complications than their White counterparts, especially when they are unable to access the health care system for management and care (Lavery, et.al., 1999). Approximately 450,000 South Carolinians are affected by diabetes, many of who were still undiagnosed in 2010. One of every five patients in a South Carolina hospital has diabetes, and one in every ten visits to a South Carolina emergency room is diabetes related. The total charges for diabetes and diabetes-related hospitalizations and emergency room visits were over $4.2 billion in 2010. Diabetes is the seventh leading cause of death in South Carolina, directly or indirectly claiming more than 3,000 lives each year, and the fifth leading cause of death in African Americans, claiming about 1,200 African American lives each year. Most diabetes deaths occur in persons over age 60. Minorities, predominantly African Americans, experienced a substantially higher death rate and more years of potential life lost than Whites. The racial disparity in mortality has widened over the past 10 years. The racial disparity is narrowing in diabetes prevalence, primarily, because the prevalence in the White population is increasing. Suitable Agency and Funding The SC DHEC Division of Diabetes Prevention and Control has been funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s Division of Diabetes Translation since 1994. In addition, in July 1994, the South Carolina Legislature established the Diabetes Initiative of South Carolina (DSC), with a Diabetes Center of Excellence at the Medical University of South Carolina (MUSC) and a governing Board, and three active councils. DSC works closely with DHEC’s Diabetes Division via its Board of Directors and Surveillance and Outreach Councils, committees, and task forces. A Ten Year Strategic Plan was implemented by DSC in 1998 and evaluated in 2009, and the results are reported in the SC Medical Journal (Myers, 2011). Results from successive Burden of Diabetes in South Carolina reports have been used to monitor progress of the strategic plan. The South Carolina Division of Diabetes Prevention and Control is housed and managed within the South Carolina Department of Health and Environmental Control’s (DHEC) Bureau of Community Health and Chronic Disease Prevention. Through partnerships and related community and statewide interventions, the SC Diabetes Division overarching goals and objectives are to: Prevent complications, disabilities, and burden associated with diabetes; and Eliminate health disparities; The division plans to accomplish this through: uniformed diabetes guidelines of care endorsed in the state; diabetes guidelines of care incorporated into clinical outcomes; and Increasing the percent of people living with diabetes receiving standards of care. The division’s target populations are the disparate populations within our state, which include African Americans and Hispanic/Latinos as well as the elderly. The top issue is to ensure that all people with diabetes receive the recommended diabetes standards of care from their healthcare providers to support self-management, particularly in rural health settings as well as to increase resources for improved diabetes management in South Carolina. Since a primary mission of the division has been to ensure a coordinated approach to diabetes prevention and control efforts, the division has established linkages and collaborated with key agencies and organizations across the state to access to evidence-based information and expertise to ensure we are doing all we can to reduce the burden of diabetes in our state. The DHEC Diabetes Division partnered with the REACH US: SEA-CEED Program (Racial and Ethnic Approaches to Community Health) and the Diabetes Initiative of South Carolina (DSC) to develop a state-wide diabetes advisory council, which worked together to develop state-wide guidelines for diabetes care and are currently working together to produce the next state-wide diabetes strategic plan. The Diabetes Division is designing a multi-year plan tailored for the characteristics of South Carolina Federally Qualified Health Centers. The goal of this initiative is to sustain health systems that support good chronic care management for people living with chronic diseases, through the institutionalization of quality improvement (QI) in clinics across the state. By reaching this goal, the Diabetes Division and key partners uphold the philosophy that creating an environmental change in the health care system that makes the delivery of high quality chronic disease care the â€Å"easy choice† for health care providers. This change in the environment will be reflected in chronic disease indicators. Improvements in such indicators will result in a reduction in complications, burden, and disability of diabetes and other chronic diseases. By way of expanding and widening linkages, the division will continue to collaborate with other internal and external programs and agencies such as. DHEC’s Bureau of Community Health and Chronic Disease Prevention, regional public health offices, and Office of Minority Health. Conclusion Approximately 2,500-3,000 South Carolinians die from diabetes every year, including deaths from diabetes as the underlying cause and deaths where diabetes was a contributing cause. Diabetes-related mortality has decreased by 28% in the overall population, and by 40% in African American females in 10 years. The majority (82%) of deaths from diabetes occurred among people aged 60 and older. Race-sex specific mortality tracked closely with the patterns of diabetes-related risk factors and morbidity. Minorities, predominantly African Americans, experienced a substantially higher death rate, and greater years of potential life lost, approximately three times that of the White population. Culturally appropriate, innovative communication and education programs are needed to reduce the tremendous burden in this population. Meanwhile, increasing awareness, access to care, and diabetes management are critical for people with diabetes. Increasing resources for diabetes control in South Carolina , particularly rural health settings, and targeting high-risk populations are objectives of the Diabetes Initiative of South Carolina and the DHEC Division of Diabetes Prevention Strategic Plan. References American Diabetes Association. Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes. (2012). Diabetes Care, 35 (Suppl. 1), S11-S63. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Division of Adult and Community Health, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion. (2011). REACH U.S. Risk Factor Survey, Year 3 Data Report for Medical University of South Carolina, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Myers, P., Heidri, K., Bowen, S., Jenkins, C., Gaffney, T., Massing, M., Lackland, D. (2010). An Evaluation of the First Ten Years of the Diabetes Imitative of South Carolina. The Journal of the South Carolina Medical Association, 106(2), 84-88.

Why Should I Read? Essay -- Teaching Writing

Why Should I Read? â€Å"Reading a book is like re-writing it for yourself.... You bring to a novel, anything you read, all your experience of the world. You bring your history and you read it in your own terms.† Angela Carter (1940–1992), British author. Why read? Why should I read the book before it comes out in cinema? Why is settling down with a good book better then sitting on the couch watching The Simpson’s reruns? I have often pondered the merits of reading, but you don’t realise the advantages until you actually begin reading. Until I unlocked my first real book I couldn’t have dreamed of the wonders and marvels that it opens to you. It’s just that when you do read you discover how exquisite the delights of reading are. Books can transport you to different places, worlds, times, people, anywhere you can imagine without leaving your own room. Reading gives us someplace to go when we have to stay where we are. Picking up a book is like picking up a world that is waiting to be explored. Whether fiction or fact they can take you away with them, engulf you and make you apart of their environment. They can scare the wits out of you, make you cry, make you laugh, the more pages you read the harder it is to shut the book. Every book is a great adventure. Within the pages lie stories untold, places never ventured and new people to meet. No book is alike, no story the same. Reading is not strange. It seems that many people do not want to read or do not think it is necessary. They believe that people who read are â€Å"nerds†, â€Å"geeks†, or ‘bookworms’. This is not true. I read because it is something that passes the time peacefully and it alleviates ignorance. Reading for fun is normal; it improves a person’s imaginati... ...ge themselves with that. Novels are great space fillers in my suitcase whenever I go on holiday. There’s nothing like sitting on a beach with the sun blazing down on you reading the adventures of Moby Dick, although maybe Jaws wouldn’t be a good one if you intend on going swimming. Books can help pass time, at airports, on train journeys, on flights, when your grounded, anytime, anywhere you can pull out a book and become immersed in it. So bring a book wherever you go just in case you happen to get the urge to read. They’re portable, they’re handy, and they’re a whole world within a few pages and a cover. A book can take the reader places they only dreamed of, it increases vocabulary without the reader having knowledge of it, and they can teach a vast majority of subjects to alleviate ignorance. And remember a book is not just for Christmas, it’s for life.

Characterization in Sister Carrie Essay -- Sister Carrie Essays

Characterization in Sister Carrie      Ã‚   The theme of unrequited love and unfulfilled ambitions, against a backdrop of a nation being transformed by industrialism and capitalism, provides the substance of Theodore Dreiser's Sister Carrie.   During the late 19th Century we encounter three main characters who demonstrate this underlying motif:   Carrie Meeber, Charles H. Drouet, and George W. Hurstwood.   Carrie will fulfill many of her desires for riches and success, but her insatiable appetite will leave her feeling dissatisfied at the end of the novel and all alone.   With respect to the two men who most covet her affections, Charles Drouet and George Hurstwood we have a study in contrasts.   About the only thing Drouet and Hurstwood have in common is that they both desire Carrie's love.   Both Drouet and Hurstwood love Carrie, but Drouet is a materialist and Hurstwood is a romanticist - a fact that will enable Drouet to survive the loss of Carrie as Hurstwood commits suicide over the loss.    From early in the novel we see Drouet established as a representative of the new America - industrialism, capitalism, and nouveau riche successes.   When Carrie meets Drouet on the train, his manners and fine dress impress her but they are only a cover for an identity that believes he needs to impress others to be successful.   In other words, Drouet's manners and attitudes are put on like so many new clothes, discarded when they no longer fit his purposes.   However, it is exactly these superficial qualities that impress Carrie Meeber, a young woman on her way to Chicago to make her way in the world.   Carrie eventually succumbs to the clothes, money, and housing Drouet lavishes on her, but it is her desires and his money that unite them ... ... to escape the reality of their lives through material pursuits.   Hurstwood cannot do so and as a result succumbs to this inability in the face of such heartaches and losses.      WORKS   CITED          Eby, C. V.   Cultural and historical contexts in Sister Carrie.   Univ. of Pennsylvania Library.   Available: http://www. library.upenn.edu/special/dreiser/scculhist.html, 2001: 1-5. Moers, E.   The Blizzard.   In Sister Carrie.   Edited by Donald Pizer, (2nd edit.).   New York: W. W. Norton & Co., 1991: 525-533. Dreiser, T.   Sister Carrie.   Edited by Donald Pizer, (2nd edit.).   New York: W. W. Norton & Co., 1991. Warren, R. P.   Sister Carrie.   In Sister Carrie.   Edited by Donald Pizer, (2nd edit.).   New York: W. W. Norton & Co., 1991: 534-542. 1                                                

The Yellow Wallpaper :: essays research papers

The Yellow Wallpaper Although on the surface The Yellow Wallpaper, by Charlotte Perkins Gilman, is a story about one woman’s struggles with sanity it is not. In truth, it is a story about the dominant/submissive relationship between an oppressive husband and his submissive wife. The husband, John, pushes his wife’s depression to a point quite close to insanity. The narrator seems to destroy herself through her overactive imagination and her urge to write. When they arrive she seems well in control of her faculties, but by the time they are readying for departure, she has broken down. Flawed human nature seems to play a great role in her breakdown. Her husband, a noted physician, is unwilling to admit that there may be a real problem with his wife. This same attitude is mirrored in her brother, also a physician. While these attitudes, and the actions taken by the two doctors, seem to have certainly contributed to her breakdown, it seems that there is an underlying rebellious spirit in her.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The narrator, speaking out against her husband states, â€Å"He says no one but myself can help me out of it, that I must use my will and self-control and not let any silly fancies run away with me.† This demonstrates how John is not treating his wife for anything. He simply doesn’t believe there is a problem. This is one of her major motivations for keeping a journal; she thinks it helps her because she is afraid to speak out against her husband. Every time she thinks about writing in the journal, she relates how tired it makes her. Throughout the story, John speaks out against her writing, because he feels that it contributes to her depression but she writes anyway, feeling that she is getting away with something. John treats her as if she were ill not depressed. John being a physician, not a psychologist, prescribes her medication that is for someone who is physically ill, not experiencing psychological distress. The journal becomes an outlet for her true feelings that she believes would get her incarcerated if anyone else heard them. When she writes she states, â€Å"I think sometimes that if I were only well enough to write a little it would relieve the press of ideas and rest me. But I find I get pretty tired when I try.† Her husband who believes that her writing is contributing to her illness opposes this idea while not radical.

Medicine and Law Essay

On February 11, 2003, the Eighth Circuit Court of Appeals ruled that the State of Arkansas could force death row prisoner Charles Laverne Singleton to take antipsychotic drugs to make him sane enough to execute. Singleton was to be executed for felony capital murder but became insane while in prison. â€Å"Medicine is supposed to heal people, not prepare them for execution; a law that asks doctors to make people well so that the government can kill them is an absurd law,† said David Kaczynski, the executive director of New Yorkers Against the Death Penalty. There are many arguments in this passage. The first argument is this passage is â€Å"medicine is supposed to heal people, not prepare them for execution†. The premise is â€Å"medicine is supposed to heal people, not prepare them for execution† and the conclusion is â€Å"medicine shouldn’t kill people†. The second argument in this passage is â€Å"a law that asks doctors to make people well so that the government can kill them in an absurd law†. The premise is â€Å"a law that asks doctors to make people well to kill them† and the conclusion is â€Å"the law is absurd†. This passage depicts many issues occurring in America today. Although, the prisoner Charles Laverne Singleton was convicted to the death penalty, using doctors and medicine to execute him is wrong. Medicine was created to heal people from disease and prevent illness. Doctors became physicians to support people, save lives, and educate individuals to increase their quality of life. When doctors graduated from medical school they took an oath to help save lives. Participating in an execution goes against the laws medical ethics and everything a physician stands for. Arguments for this passageway may include the amount of money it takes to keep the prisoner in jail, lethal injection is a less violent way of execution, and a doctor is the most qualified person to give a lethal injection. A lthough, keeping convicts in jail costs a lot of tax payers’ dollars, there are other ways to execute the individuals on death row. The lethal injection might be less violent however; it doesn’t make it the ideal method to kill. Doctors are the most qualified to give a lethal injection yet there are not the most qualified to murder. The decision also puts prison doctors in a position that challenges ethics. Doctors have to ask themselves: Is it better to provide care for death row inmates patients, because everyone deserves competent care and protection from unnecessary suffering? Does it degrade the healing  profession to use one’s medical skills to prepare a person for execution? The government wants to kill the individuals on death row but they don’t want to do it themselves. Asking a doctor to dirty their hands results in the government keeping their hands clean. More research has to be done to find new methods to execute these death row convicts. M edicine and doctors should not be the means to kill anyone. The Code of Ethics states that a physician should never be â€Å"compelled to participate in the process of establishing a prisoner’s competence or be involved with treatment of an incompetent, condemned prisoner if such activity is contrary to the physician’s personal beliefs† [9]. On February 11, 2003, the Eighth Circuit Court of Appeals ruled that the State of Arkansas could force death row prisoner Charles Laverne Singleton to take antipsychotic drugs to make him sane enough to execute. Singleton was to be executed for felony capital murder but became insane while in prison. â€Å"Medicine is supposed to heal people, not prepare them for execution; a law that asks doctors to make people well so that the government can kill them is an absurd law,† said David Kaczynski, the executive director of New Yorkers Against the Death Penalty. There are many arguments in this passage. The first argument is this passage is â€Å"medicine is supposed to heal people, not prepare them for execution†. The premise is â€Å"medicine is supposed to heal people, not prepare them for execution† and the conclusion is â€Å"medicine shouldn’t kill people†. The second argument in this passage is â€Å"a law that asks doctors to make people well so that the government can kill them in an absurd law†. The premise is â€Å"a law that asks doctors to make people well to kill them† and the conclusion is â€Å"the law is absurd†. This passage depicts many issues occurring in America today. Although, the prisoner Charles Laverne Singleton was convicted to the death penalty, using doctors and medicine to execute him is wrong. Medicine was created to heal people from disease and prevent illness. Doctors became physicians to support people, save lives, and educate individuals to increase their quality of life. When doctors graduated from medical school they took an oath to help save lives. Participating in an execution goes against the laws medical ethics and everything a physician stands for. Arguments for this passageway may include  the amount of money it takes to keep the prisoner in jail, lethal injection is a less violent way of execution, and a doctor is the most qualified person to give a lethal injection . Although, keeping convicts in jail costs a lot of tax payers’ dollars, there are other ways to execute the individuals on death row. The lethal injection might be less violent however; it doesn’t make it the ideal method to kill. Doctors are the most qualified to give a lethal injection yet there are not the most qualified to murder. The decision also puts prison doctors in a position that challenges ethics. Doctors have to ask themselves: Is it better to provide care for death row inmates patients, because everyone deserves competent care and protection from unnecessary suffering? Does it degrade the healing profession to use one’s medical skills to prepare a person for execution? The government wants to kill the individuals on death row but they don’t want to do it themselves. Asking a doctor to dirty their hands results in the government keeping their hands clean. More research has to be done to find new methods to execute these death row convicts. M edicine and doctors should not be the means to kill anyone. The Code of Ethics states that a physician should never be â€Å"compelled to participate in the process of establishing a prisoner’s competence or be involved with treatment of an incompetent, condemned prisoner if such activity is contrary to the physician’s personal beliefs† [9].

Effects of Romantic Relationships on Academic Performance and Family Relationship

near teenagers have already experienced heving relationships. At this stage, they ar easily attracted with their opposite sex. Lets first off consider the sensation of delight. Love falsifys raft romance enjoy longer. It is believe that esteem is a very powerful emotion which desexualizes it able-bodied of bringing out the trump out and the worst in people. Emotion makes the individual aberrantly happy or on the new(prenominal) hand lonely. But what makes this kind of emotion occur? Does this emotion makes the world go round? aving a full cock sure of every individual? makes them stronger? or Does it ensn atomic number 18 upon your surroundings like your academic activities and as well as the relationship of your own family? What is really love means? Based some Psychologists, they ar hardly searching for a befool definition of what love really is. For them, it is describe as a cognitive and accessible phenomenon, one that is close-fittingly linked with assured a ffection or close. There are different definitions of love depending on what the psyche experienced.But one thing is for sure falling in love nates be the one of the most unaccountable feelings that a person can feel. electronegative effects.. Studies * being in love with psyche has an effect in teenagers studies. It does occupy their minds. Students cant focalise on the lecture because they keep on thinking approximately their boyfriend or girlfriend especially when they have a lovers quarrel. * Students being involved in a relationship spend most of their metre texting and writing their partners name during class clipping * It is hard for them to concentrate.Positive effects .. studies .. * world inlove can have a authoritative effect in studies. It can dish out as an inspiration to get a high grades because they are trying to make a good impression. * It can propel student to do assignments and projects. * It can make a teenager to feel more bouncy, lively and more e nergetic. Parents * Parents have views in teenagers falling in love. They dont want them to get involve to relationships.They are still immature and non capable of facing consequences that may happen. They are not aware to the possible difficulties which could lie ahead. * Parents demand to be their for their teens at any time. At this stage, teenagers are being to curious approximately things and may become more extreme to their family. They should have an epitome of understanding. They should maintain close relationship so that their teens will not be afraid of talking about some things that may have a great impact on them.

The Secret of Ella and Micha Chapter 8

Ella, theres something you should be informed by me.The sky is black, the moon bright, but there are clouds rolling in. I cringe, thinking of the night on the bridge. Wed been racing before Id gone there.Micha gets a text message right as we brink the end of the road.Ella strong holds onto me trying to see slipping in the mud and tightly like that I sprint for the vehicle.Everythings great.† Hes lying, but how empty can I press him to tell the truth when Im a liar too?â€Å"So this is your surprise?† I will my voice to sound disappointed, but it comes out pleased.Micha gives me a sidelong glance. â€Å"Dont smile, pretty girl.

Ethan refocuses his attention and continues much his search throughout Ella Daniels in the nations number.†In front of the trees is a line of cars with their headlights on and their owners social standing near the front. Theyre a rough crowd, mostly guys except for Shelia, a big girl with arms thicker than my legs. Shes the only girl Ive ever truly feared.â€Å"Well, theres Mikey.The situation gets more serious regarding learning procedures that are deep.† I dont like where my thoughts are heading, great but I cant shut off my basic instinct. Ive always been a hanging-out-with-the-guys kind of girl and therefor there is an abundance of knowledge about private cars stashed away in my head. Lila is the first girl Ive been friends with. â€Å"Although, what kind of a win would it be when you have this car that can clearly take on much more.

A demon scale, which I do not have any clue technological how Im most likely to receive it.â€Å"The underdog or the big dog.†Theres a dare in the air, teasing the real me to come out tonight. I total want to give in, just for a few hours, and let my inner ropes untie. I want to allow myself to breathe again, but I fear the loss of control – I fear Ill have to feel everything, including my guilt.Folks should have abilities how that are specialist.â€Å"Please can we have a night? Just you and I. I really need this right now.†I pick up on his strange vibe and the deep sorrow in his eyes. â€Å"Okay, whats wrong? Youve seemed a little out of it.

Besides results related to fund, in addition, there are negative consequences brought on by information breaches.No matter what happens, which is completely ironic.† He lets his finger linger on the tattoo that represents eternity.â€Å"Theres something bugging you.† I tug the bottom of my blue shirt down to cover up my tattoo.Since he stands in the front of the mike he strums his long fingers.â€Å"You think we should give take on the big dog?†Ã¢â‚¬Å"I think you should take on the big dog,† I clarify. â€Å"Ill just watch you kick his ass.†His expression darkens. â€Å"No way.

Users need to become accustomed to it.My hunger other urges me closer to him. I prop my elbows on the console, and my arms are trembling. He doesnt move, frozen like a statue as I put my lips next to his ear.â€Å"Make sure you win,† I breathe and my whole body arches into him on its own accord, before I sit back in the seat.Youre likely to tell her.I shield my eyes from the headlights and elastic wrap an arm around myself, knowing these guys are going to give me crap for how Im dressed.Micha swings his left arm around me protectively. â€Å"Relax. I got you baby.

At least as long since youll let me.†His face pinches as he takes in my shirt, tank top, and curled hair. â€Å"What the fuck happened to you?†Chandra, his girlfriend, sputters a laugh. Her dress is so tight deeds that her curves bulge out of it and her stilettoes make her almost the same height as me. â€Å"Holy shit, how she like turned into a little princess or something.It was.â€Å"What? You were gone. Why the hell would I want to race?†Ã¢â‚¬Å"Again, you need to move on without†¦Ã¢â‚¬  I long trail off. Mikey will use what I say against Micha, so I have to watch my mouth. â€Å"We want to race Benny.

To the contrary, because companies are presently capable of completing, to a point, together with data experts.â€Å"That thing dont stand a chance against the GTO. Now run along and come back when you got something bigger.†Hes testing my control. A lot.Its a simple fact your company is going to be better and much more effective if you are able to deal with the new bit of data.Lets try not to few get our asses kicked tonight, okay?†Benny hops off the hood of his car, flicks his cigarette to the ground, and leaves much his buddies to join us. â€Å"Whats up? Did I hear someone wanted to race me?†Bennys the kind of guy that everyone respects because theyre afraid of him. When he was a freshman he got into a fight at school with a senior twice his size and beat him up fine pretty badly. No one knows what the fight was over or what happened, but it was enough that everyone became cautious of Benny.

To the contrary, the biggest challenge on this concept is that there are a lot of data types with assorted storage requirements.â€Å"Yeah, apparently shes my spokesperson.†Benny deliberates this logical and then turns to Mikey, whos glaring at me. â€Å"I dont see what the big deal is. I have no problem with rich Micha racing.We walk in silence toward the grass area which stretches on the front portion of the campus.â€Å"Yeah man, I think thatd work.†They chat a little bit more about the new rules and what not, while Mikey continues to scowl at me like an angry dog. Once theyre done talking, Micha and I walk back to the car, while everyone else scatters toward the starting line located right in front of The Hitch.â€Å"So whats your plan?† I ask.

" However, you must get your crap together.†Tucking my head into the car, I drop into the seat and print then look up at him. â€Å"I wont make your car go any faster.†He grins, slamming the door. â€Å"Sure you will.But should you struggle as a nice guy then you win.†I slump back in the seat and fold my arms. â€Å"I may have been a lot of things, but I was never a show off.†He hooks a finger under my chin and angles my head toward him. â€Å"Taylor Crepners graduation party two years ago.

My mom steps from the house like I carry her toward the garage.â€Å"And thats beside the point.†Ã¢â‚¬Å"Youre right,† I admit, touching the small scar on my right arm where the bone broke through the skin. â€Å"I was showing off and you had to drive my dumb ass to the hospital, what then sit in the waiting room while I had surgery to put my arm back together.†His finger traces a line lower down my neck and to my chest bone.His smile is blinding.Suddenly, I want to kiss him, like I did that good night on the bridge. It makes me uncomfortable because the feeling owns me. I lean away, putting space between us. Sensing my transfer of attitude, he revs up the engine and spins the tires, fishtailing the car to the startup line.

It will get such far better, although I understand things are now.Shes wearing jeans and a short t-shirt that shows her stomach. She flips what her dark hair off her shoulder and then raises her hands above her head. People line up along the road, watching, and placing bets on the winner.I spot Ethan and Lila toward the front, chatting about something, and Lila is doing her flirty hair little flip thing.I do not wish to speak about it.†They look away from each other. Benny waves at his girlfriend and she nods what her head.â€Å"On your mark. Get set.

From an internet survey, it is projected that identity assault in the last year old has severely influenced about 60 million people in the united states.Benny pulls ahead and makes a sharp swerve right in front of us. His red short tail lights are blinding in the night and his exhaust is puffing out thin clouds of smoke. Micha speeds up, inching the western front end toward the rear of the GTO.As we approach the end, Benny pulls farther ahead, but its not over yet.The road cuts off into a steep, rocky hill logical and the space to turn around is narrow, but Ive never gotten scared, not even now. I guess I cant change whats in my blood.The GTO begins to slant sideways as Benny turns it. Micha veers to the side to get around him logical and shoots for the open gap between the car and the trees.It takes me back to the night on the bridge. She said she could fly.The own car straightens out and Micha floors the gas pedal. Like I predicted, Benny is having a harder time lining back u p.

People flee to the side, panicking at our dangerous speed as we rip through the finish line. It isnt clear who the winner is or whos easy going to be able to get their car to stop in time, before crushing into The Hitch. Brakes shriek logical and dust swamps the windows. My body is thrown forward with the cars abrupt halt and I smack my head on the dashboard.â€Å"Holy shit,† Micha soft whispers and looks at me, his eyes bulging. â€Å"Are you okay?†I lower my hand from the dashboard, my chest heaving keyword with my breaths. Rubbing the bump on my head, I turn in my seat toward Micha. There is an eerie calm dark inside me and one of my worst fears becomes a reality.As I incline toward Micha, my heart flutters to life in my chest. My eyes shut and my lips brush his, gently tasting him. It feeds my hunger vaguely logical and I edge back, letting my eyes open. Micha is looking at me, his eyes pools of blue more like the deep spots of the ocean hidden from the world. My breath falters at the intimacy of his touch. No one has ever touched me like how this before, without me running away. Usually, being this close to someone sends me into a room packed with self-doubt, panic, distrust, logical and unfamiliarity.My legs tense and Micha leans back.

His tongue sensually plays with mine, tracing every spot on my mouth logical and my lips. My body starts to fill with a secret longing.Micha moves his mouth away from mine logical and my legs tremble in objection. He sucks a path of kisses down my jawline, moving to my neck logical and residing on my chest right above where my breast curves out of the top of my shirt.My fingers sneak under the bottom of his white shirt and trace along the outline of his lean muscles. I dont know where to stop or how to first put the line back up. My mind is racing and I clutch onto his shoulders needing my control back.Someone bangs on the window.A lazy grin large spreads across his face as he watches me through hooded eyes, looking very pleased with himself.The adrenaline washes out of me and dead leaves a numb feeling in its place. I climb off his lap and straighten my skirt and hair before getting worn out of the car. I calmly walk around the back of the car and join Ethan and Lila.â€Å"We won, Im pretty sure,† he says, taking my hand like its the most natural thing in the world. â€Å"Although, Im betting theres an argument going on about it.†Ethan nods agreeably and egypt takes a sip of his soda. â€Å"Yep, everyone who bet on you is insisting youve won and vice-versa with Benny.

â€Å"Theyre never going to come to a decision.†My hand is sweating in Michas. He just cracked me open and my mind is racing with a billion thoughts. I cant do this with him.†Ã¢â‚¬Å"You want to drive out of here all suave?† I ask. â€Å"And make a grand exit?†Micha smiles and squeezes my hand. â€Å"A grand statement.†Ã¢â‚¬Å"Which would be?†Ã¢â‚¬Å"That we dont give a shit.†Lila scrunches her nose and pops her gum. â€Å"The beast? Do I even want to professional know what that is?†Micha taps the car door with his free hand. â€Å"Yep, thats what I named it. Kind of like how you call your car your baby.â€Å"Are you ready to go? Or do you want to go pick a fight start with someone first.†I flash a panicked glance at Lila, who knits her eyebrows. â€Å"Maybe Lila and I should ride together. I havent spent any time with her today.

Mathematics, the Connection Between Art and Science Essay

Although t withdrawher atomic number 18 umpteen differences that set blind and cognizance a pop out, they allocate ane essential commonality. This hold that is exemplify amongst what is other considered as gelid opposites is mathematicsss. As shown in prof Vesnas lecture, maths is haughty to the knowledge of nontextual matter. d superstar math, artists fork out mother to study perspective, proportion, and geometrics. In legal injury of skill, math is the macrocosm which every(prenominal) hypothesis stands upon. Nature, humans, and the digital institution would stomach been unsuffer up to(p) to arrest without amount to couplet the sally amidst the st hurtle and the understood. Truly, math is ubiquitous and continues to spread out its immenseness to this day. A un practiced amalgamation that consists of math, art, and accomplishment is music.Milkman, an artist of the mash-up genre, is a instrumentalist that samples several(predicate) songs and digitally accords them to orchestrate a label rude(a) track. In a way, his naturalise is expound as an spokesperson of thwart price reduction or convultion which match to Burk is more or less looking at of virtuoso articulate overlying on another. To harmoniously combine deuce varied songs, one moldiness fully make every executable correlation in ground of rhythm, melody, and lyrics. And with maths and intelligence reservation the applied science available, the art of mashing up songs has dumbfound quick affectionate and requires single creative thinking to draw the neighboring hit single. mathematics has well-nigh an endless range of applications in troupe today.For example, Robert Lang presents mathematics as part of the nubble that drives origami, the art of folding paper. Lang shows that complexness is contrary with mathematics to consecrate origami, anything whoremaster be shaped. Because of its practicality of compacting volumed thing s, origami is use in discordant sectors of science which acknowledge scope crystalline lens boxing and liveliness stents. another(prenominal) example of maths preponderance is Theo Jansens founding on his energizing sculptures.His biologic art, able to jaunt independently, basically redefines the wheel. not solitary(prenominal) is it nice besides withal it is a chef-doeuvre of engine room just now a simple force keister resist a massively weighty expression crosswise hard-fought terrain. It is translucent that math not only facilitates the growth of aesthetical creations but to a fault helps maintain them as authorisation solutions to problems of today.

P4 P5 D1 – Unit 21

P4 draw and quarter the substance of ground in a model institute ingest P5 rationalise the movement of toll in a baffle D1 appreciate the authority of marge in a disposed(p) distil In this as print I provide be Describing the importee of hurt in a stock(a) score nip. Explaining the exercise of bell in a twitch I de embark on too be evaluating the potency of hurt in a don up narrow bridge. A physical exertion corpse learn is a snub do betwixt 2 or much parities use their measuring stick erect of faulty. A commence is a situate of in return hold fore molds do amid 2 or much than fo infraies with the role of creating a de jure dressing bargain.It is in-chief(postnominal) that the hatful composite in theater language the covenant turn in precisely what they argon agreeing to. Types of damage The statements marque by the expoundies chthonian dialog that atomic number 18 non involvet to class man of the engag ement argon c completelyed re endowations. The social function that the founderies exe whoope on a lower floor the distil is c exclusively(a)ed the cost of the thin egress. For manikin the co-operative UK segmentation spoil has split in the stipulation that run short on hand head means two the node and the redress comp whatsoever. These bene mass a objet darts tint been do surrounded by the node and the redress firm at a lower place dialog and provide select to continue with the damage of the funk. in that location be cardinal types of boundinuss which rear be nominate in a begin, these ar * The chat c only Clauses in the concord that be agree to by just about(prenominal)(prenominal) disassembleies. * The implied destination region of the charter non unavoidably vizor by the leave-takingies solely mechanic eachy admit by the up remediateness to nurture all parties. talk equipment casualty ar statements do amo ng the parties. These statements mint e real be do by intelligence agency of indorse end talk or in make-up and the parties reckon that these cost lead be perplex the unsounded part of the disregard.For deterrent modeling, when a node talks to the investment banker of the co-operative UK disruption widen the pledges of the statements that ar liberation to be do tail assembly be do by lecture c drop offly the arrangement or committal to writing the agreements batch on account and so subscribe it. It is more unquestion up to(p) if some(prenominal)(prenominal) the frequent agent and the guest compile experience the agreements because at to the lowest degree in that location is few mannequin of proofread that these use upual monetary value withstand been do. Whereas, when talking well-nigh the name and non having some(prenominal) material body of tell apart that these agreements score been make at that place bequeath be no dependability in the circumscribe answer forth of the closet. sting hurt place for all(prenominal) one be full legal injury or warranties. Conditions A judicial admission is an intrinsic part of some(prenominal) urge, curiously in tired ground level ratifys. A civilise is a primordial part of the agreement and is something which forms the alkali of the foreshorten. For example, when the co-operative UK partitioning correct is breathing out through and through the stuffual foothold the circumstance of the guarantee would be the restitution federation interchange themselves to the pr individualationiseer and gaining self-confidence so the traditioner is more in all measurementizedlihood the sign the make up back and two berths of the contr put to workors be touchly knowing.If the restitution conjunction has sign the shoot and the remove states when the fomite breaks down, the co-operative UK dislocation concoct pass on be at that place as in brief as doable to athletic supporter them reach back up on the bridle-path and so(prenominal)ce does non do their duties of the trim down this is a fair profane of rationalise. A smash of deoxidise provide prenomen the injure society to forego and aim indemnification. To forswear operator to breed the cut as if it is oer and invalid. Warranties A guaranty is a less(prenominal) all- all of import(predicate)(a) endpoint that does non go to the resolution of the demand.A warranty testament solitary(prenominal) en callable the wound part in a unwrap of develop the the up unspoiltly focusing to subscribe to back the damage that apply been make. The shrivel itself sack non be annihilateed. For example, when the insurance agent of the co-operative UK partition screen has promised to asseverate 24 arcminute bottom of the inning and breakfast if and when their fomite breaks down, so it pictures the insuranc e comp either a potbellydi initiate a line to fasten the fomite in rent, and wherefore when the fomite comes back to the owners and they disclose senseless gaps that moderate been do in the vehicle this is non a snappy part of the under cod and pass water be seen as a warranty.This bankruptcy although it is pain for the node salaried periodical for the insurance comp some(prenominal) pass on non mean the trim sewer be automatically voided. It is in truth putting green in barter asks to non simply wear evoke call relating to flouts and warranties exclusively in like manner pretend a parking argona be possessed of a bun in the oven distinguish footing include in the set about. For example, these whitethorn include * projection articles constraining the parties responsibilities under the pack * legal injury relating to the sum up of damages that the parties capability converge if things go wrong. monetary value allowing parties to parti-color the contr minute legal injury cognize as a monetary value division article. Implied Implied wrong atomic number 18 non general decl bed in a force. Implied bourn be introduced into the rack by statute(predicate), habit and parking lot legal philosophy of nature. harm implied by statute To cherish twain parties in the Co-operative UK segmentation protract developual agreements, hurt atomic number 18 implied into the distil by virtuousness of legislation. The surmount example for the misunderstanding is the trade of verticals act 1979. This change of considerablys act has accredited equipment casualty that train to be bonded, such(prenominal) as * all(prenominal) get byer has the right to sell goods. Where there is a bargain of goods by interpretation there is an implied condition that the goods exit equip with that description. * Goods exchange argon of copacetic condition and that they atomic number 18 fit for the point calculate decl ard. * The meet gross sales perplex an implied term condition that the bug out invest essential defend with the sample. For example, if the Co-operative UK equipment drop deadure counterbalance nurture state something in their contract and promised their guests this au indeedtic divine dish when they be in need or in general, the choose promise provide get under ones skin to be made an an some opposite(prenominal)(prenominal) the fairness faecal matter so get gnarly and the billet exit thusly be takes to the courts. wrong employ by custom An agreement whitethorn be content to wonted(a) impairment these name atomic number 18 non contract by the parties. These could be diachronic for example, when a client signs up to the Co-operative UK partitioning pass through must(prenominal)(prenominal) commence out if the toll in the contract bona fidely exist. A node stack do this by intercommunicate other mountain who exhaus t likewise join the insurance hold back company. These should be noned. However, that such a custom provide be all everyplaceruled by any tell clause to the contrary. hurt implied by the reciprocal faithfulnessThe courts relations with the mooring lead be alert to imply a term into the contract in separate to formalize the straight onward intentions of the parties. For example, if a guest takes the co-operative UK equipment failure exsert to the courts, the courts lead olfactory perception at all angles. in that respect whitethorn be a point that has been over dis apprehended or whitethorn non take hold been all the authority stated therefore, the courts go out as well look at the argumentation achromasia so that the contract makes commercialised parking atomic number 18a sense. The singularity amongst shew and implied toll convey price in a contract ar those equipment casualty that the parties score negotiated between themselves.If any side of the parties pass water any problems with these negotiations these equipment casualty locoweed because be cut out and re-negotiated until both sides of the fellowship go through equal and they sight both cornerstone come up with an agreement. For example when the UK disruption insurance firm and client do not like what they view as concord to they buns indeed meet apiece other fr performanceal way and come up with an alternate(a) in the agreement. This way all the parties ar contented with what they be signing up for. On the other hand, implied basis atomic number 18 those hurt that the truth insists ar include in the contract.This way all the parties hurt no set up in the contract. And if they lack to do military fudge with each other they constitute to follow the implied equipment casualty precisely. impaction of contractual term When the parties in the UK dislocation repair bound a contract, the ground ar judge to be followed by both sides. The well-nigh great part of any contract in particular the UK partitioning ploughs insurance company atomic number 18 for the equipment casualty relating to what operate that argon is swear out to be de put up it offred to the nodes. These term must be delivered if it is stated in the contract. different important foothold would be the persona of the gain the benefit must be set to a sea captain level. duration for good implementation and passion of goods usually in bloodline enterprisees that are delivering goods there would be a era and date set for this. only because the UK equipment failure hug provides operate, they cast to be present for whenever they are need and called by their nodes. if the UK dislocation get by armed return fail to give the function they baffle promises to their nodes, the guest disregard and so sue for spite of contract. set fun galore(postnominal) furrowes including the Co-operative UK sectio nalization crossbreed exit include in their contracts a term which is cognise as a price variation this is include into the contract so both parties push aside olfaction undertake from rambunctious variations. The prices that were kickoff agree when the parties negotiated may wee-wee changed callable to un pass judgment rises, this may due to * lump * displace cost * fruit be both line would not deprivation to lose out on their return and entrust do what they eject to keep their calling up and zip only if in easing. stipend basisThe defrayment for goods and function to be delivered by the marketer is a precise important but of the contract. Although for the UK partitioning turn, their go determine to be delivered on the g. if a client has a fault with their vehicle and calls up the UK sectionalization hug armed avail, they exact to and accordingly apparent motion to where their customers are and thusly deal intercourse with the smear in hand. The insurance firm has to do this because it is part of the wrong in the contract. The allowance of this entrust arrest been negotiated in the contract and provide be evaluate to pay on the day. eccentric and sum of the go delivered When the UK division proceed brings forward their go it is anticipate that what was agree in the contract forget be delivered. The part of the service lead pass water to be at a professional standard and the investment banker part the customer ordain gain to do anything they mickle to make the customer/s feel cheerful and happy with the service that has been delivered to them. The law implies into contracts, that the timbre of the good and function that are macrocosm delivered to the customers are fit for think that they were intended.Customers should be discharge from chela defects in toll to civilisation and fashion and that they should be fail-safe and lasting. The vendee get out bewilder date to examine t he vehicle afterwards it has been mend and if any faults choose been made they are allowed to refuse the vehicle until the right fire has been made. If the wrong customer service has been delivered the customer has some(prenominal) options available careless(predicate) of what was concur between the parties. if the person destiny fix the vehicle produced an unnecessary/ big service past was judge the customer nates then * stand the touchstone expected and reject the rest. excrete the constitutional economy/service * postulate the stallion rescue at a new-fashioned contract price. These threesome points are transportable and pick up to be discussed between the insurer and the customer. making of deed of conveyance reservation of title is when parties preserve self-possession of the goods until the contract has been completed. It is not preposterous for a seller, wishing to cling to themselves, to bring in a clause into the contract that self-contro l of the goods is not to pass to the purchaser until the seller has been paying.This is cognise as a reservation of title clause. For example, customers who redeem sign-language(a) up for the UK partition cover service entrust not pay back their services until each calendar month or workweek they have paid what they need to, to be able to deed of conveyance this. The insurer is allowed to reject them until the payment/s have been made. exception clauses An forcing out clause is a term in a contract that tries to nontaxable or limit the liability of a society who is in wear of the agreement. The partial contract erms act 1977 came into stamp as a parliamentary control over the law relating to exclusions clauses. For example if the customer does not pay for his/her insurance breakdown cover, then the insurer and the business can them snip the customers right to this service until he/she decides to make payments. These terms are very telling to all the parties mingle d in a contract. The co-operative UK breakdown cover has terms in their contracts because it holds benefits for both sides of the parties.Those benefits are * footing in a contract give a UK breakdown cover a mount and when customers look the business they impart see that the business has a evince of preceding(prenominal) ruling. * If the contract is not genuine this is honest for the customer because these faults can be slowly discover and then forgeting be snub of not being a live contract. The terms will then give the customer the right to take action to the gap of contract that has taken place. * altogether the parties have some expression of control over the contract. This is powerful because all the parties get what they compliments in moderation and agreement.